Kojic Acid

Good

Antioxidant

Kojic Acid omedelbart

  • By-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in the manufacture of sake
  • Helps to brighten an uneven tone
  • Contains antioxidant properties
  • Has issues with stability when in formulations

Kojic Acid beskrivning

By-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in the manufacture of sake (Japanese rice wine). In vitro and in vivo research and animal studies have shown that kojic acid is effective for brightening an uneven skin tone. Kojic acid is typically used at concentrations between 0.1 to 2.0% but has been used in some products up to 4.0%. In 2010 the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded that kojic acid is safe for use in cosmetic products up to a concentration of 1%. It functions as a skin brightener by inhibiting the formation of melanin by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase. Kojic acid’s downside is that it’s an unstable ingredient in cosmetic formulations. On exposure to air or sunlight, it turns brown and loses its efficacy. Many cosmetics companies use kojic dipalmitate as an alternative because it’s more stable in formulations. However, there’s no research showing that kojic dipalmitate is as effective as kojic acid, although it’s a good antioxidant.

Kojic Acid referenser

  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences, September 2009, pages 4,066-4,087
  • Journal of Cosmetic Science, March-April 2004, pages 139-148
  • Journal of Dermatological Science, May 2003, pages 193-201
  • The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, December 1994, pages 982-985

Peer-reviewed, substantiated scientific research is used to assess ingredients in this dictionary. Regulations regarding constraints, permitted concentration levels and availability vary by country and region.

Ingrediensrankning

Best

Effektiv och bevisad genom oberoende studier. Enastående aktiv ingrediens för de flesta hudtyper eller hudbesvär.

Good

Nödvändig för att förbättra en formulas struktur, stabilitet eller penetration.

Average

Vanligtvis inte irriterande, men kan ha estetiska, stabilitets- eller andra problem som begränsar dess användbarhet.

Bad

Det finns en risk för irritation. Risken ökar när den kombineras med andra ingredienser som kan orsaka irritation eller inflammation.

Worst

Kan ge upphov till irritation, inflammation, torrhet och andra oönskade effekter. Kan ha vissa fördelar men har i allmänhet visat sig göra mer skada än nytta.

okänd

Vi kunde inte hitta detta i vårt ingredienslexikon. Vi registrerar alla saknade ingredienser och gör kontinuerliga uppdateringar.

Inte betygsatt

We have not yet rated this ingredient because we have not had a chance to review the research on it.